El río Ebrón es un ejemplo representativo de los ríos de la montaña mediterránea calcárea. El régimen hidrológico es pluvial mediterráneo, permanente e inalterado, salvo el tramo de cabecera en donde es intermitente o fuertemente estacional. En la cabecera, la rambla montana discurre por un profundo barranco ocupado por la vegetación zonal representada por sabinas (Juniperus thurifera y Juniperus sabina), enebros (Juniperus communis), arces (Acer monspessulanum) y negrales (Pinus nigra). El cauce continúa atravesando hoces y desfiladeros, lugar en el que varias surgencias le proporcionan el carácter permanente que permite el desarrollo de un extenso bosque de ribera dominado por sargas y mimbreras, típicas de las mimbreras calcófilas submediterráneas. Cantos y gravas dominan el lecho, alternándose con zonas en las que discurre sobre un lecho rocoso de calizas y calcarenitas. Rápidos, saltos y cascadas le confieren unos valores naturales y paisajísticos muy notables que son el hábitat de especies faunísticas como la nutria (Lutra lutra), el topillo de Cabrera (Microtus cabrerae), la trucha (Salmo trutta) o el cangrejo de río autóctono (Austropotamobius pallipes). La continuidad longitudinal, transversal y con el medio hiporreico está inalterada, algo favorecido por la inaccesibilidad y la baja fertilidad de los suelos.
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